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Safety Classification

According to EN 954-1, safety level can be divided into five level: B, 1, 2, 3, 4 and the highest safety level is category 4. 

Before taking safety precautions to reduce risks, the hazard level of the machinery must be confirmed. Only after confirming the danger level of this machine, we can get the safety level required by the safety protection measures (such as safety light barrier or safety control circuit). This mechanical safety level must correspond to the hazard level.

S_ injury level:

1= Minor injury

2= Serious injury or death (usually irreversible injury)

F_ The frequency of dangers occur

1= Occurs from nothing to often

2= From frequent to persistent

P_ Probability of avoiding danger:

1=Possible under certain conditions

2=Almost impossible

Under level 2, 3 and 4, the requirements for safety functions are mainly achieved through the design of the circuit structure. When designing circuits, components that work extremely safety and reliably should be used, and the possibility of failure of such components themselves may not be considered.

In practical applications, level 2 is rarely used.  For now, most industrial machines should use level 2 or 3 safety protection measures, especially some extremely dangerous industrial machines, such as paper cutting machinery, stamping machinery, injection molding machinery etc., must use level 4 safety guards.

Safety standard can be divided into A-type standards( basic standards), B-type standards ( Category standards), and C type standards (product standards).

Class A standards stipulate the basic standards that all machines must meet. Class B standards are not for a specific type of machine, but for the entire class of machines. The commonality is stipulated.

Class B standards are divided into B1 and B2. The B1 standard specifies parameters related to safety protection, such as safety distance surface temperature, noise etc. the B2 standard specifies the specific requirements for safety protection devices, such as two-hand buttons, safety door switches, safety mats, etc. On the basis of class B standards, a large number of class C standards has been formulated, and each class C standard has made detailed regulation on a specific machine device.

For example, some European standard that have been implemented and pre-implemented:

Basic standards and category standards:

EN292 Part 1 safety of machinery - basic concepts and general principles concerning basic terms and methods

EN292 Part 2 safety of machinery - Basic concepts and general principles concerning design principles and specifications

EN294 Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent the upper limbs from being able to reach the danger zone

EN349 Safety of machinery - Minimum clearances to avoid personal injury from injury from crushing devices

EN418- Safety of machinery - Design principles for emergency stop devices and functions

pe En 574 (draft) Safety of machinery - Two-hand controls

prEn811(draft) Safety of machines - Safety distance to prevent lower limbs from being able to reach hazardous areas

pr En 953(draft) Safety of machinery- general requirements for the design and constructions of fixed and movable safety guards

prEN954-1 (draft) Safety of machinery -Parts of control systems related to safety protection functions, Part 1: general principle for design

pr EN1037 Safety of machinery - In case of machine get starting unintentional. 

PrEN1050 (draft) Safety of machinery - Hazard analysis

EN1088 Safety of machinery - Principle for design and selection of safety door switching devices in relation to safety doors

EN60204 Part 1 Safety of machinery -General requirements for the electrical parts of machines

Product standards:

EN201 Safety machinery -Technical safety requirements for the design and construction of injection molding machines for the plastics and rubber industry

PrEN280 Safety machinery - Design calculations, structural and safety testing of stability parameters

PrEn415 (draft) Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for packaging machinery, forming machinery etc.

Pr500-1 Safety of machinery - Safety protection of movable road construction machinery

PrEN691 (draft) Safety of machinery - general health and safety requirements for woodworking machinery

PrEN692 (draft) Safety of machinery - Safety protection of mechanical pressure machinery

PrEN693 (draft) Safety of machinery - Safety protection of hydraulic pressure machinery

EN775 Safety of machines - Safety protection of industrial robots

Pr EN 869 (draft) Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for metal die casting equipment

Pr EN1010 (draft) Safety of machinery - technical safety requirments for the design and construction for the design and construction of printing machinery

PrEN1111 Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for textile machinery

Machine safety

After risk analysis of the machine, the machine manufacturer can take the following three measures to reduce the possibility of accidents and reduce the risk of the machine to an acceptable level:

(1) Minimize possible hazards in the design of the machinery

(2) For unavoidable dangers, take necessary safety protection measures

(3) Train users to avoid possible injuries from remaining hazards

As a designer should minimize the risk in the design of the machine, it is necessary to use safety control products.